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  • Period Cramps Explained: Primary vs Secondary Dysmenorrhea and Red Flags

    Period cramps come in two broad types. Primary dysmenorrhea is cramping caused by the period itself, with no other condition behind it. Secondary dysmenorrhea is period pain caused by an underlying reproductive condition, like endometriosis or fibroids. The type matters because it changes what kind of care might help and how soon you should talk…

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  • Amenorrhea: What a Missing Period Can Mean and When to Seek Care

    Amenorrhea simply means the absence of a menstrual period. Doctors sort it into two types: primary amenorrhea, when a period has never started, and secondary amenorrhea, when periods that used to come regularly stop. Some causes are expected and temporary, like pregnancy or breastfeeding, while others are signs of a health condition that benefits from…

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